Share How to judge common failures of air conditioners

Share How to judge common failures of air conditioners

It’s normal for the air conditioner to have problems after using it for a long time. So, how do you judge where the problem is? How to prevent and avoid these problems?

　　 Frequently Asked Questions About Air Conditioning

　　 1. Leakage: refers to refrigerant leakage; electrical leakage caused by damage to electrical (circuits, body) insulation, etc.

　　2. Blockage: Refers to the dirty blockage and ice blockage of the refrigeration system; the air filter is blocked; the air inlet and outlet are blocked by obstacles, etc.

　　3. Burning: refers to the burning of the windings of the compressor motor, the winding of the fan motor, the solenoid valve coil, the relay coil and the contacts.

　　4. Broken: refers to the electrical circuit break; the fuse is blown; the contact of the overload protector is broken due to overheating or excessive current; the contact of the pressure relay is broken due to the abnormal pressure of the refrigeration system.

　　 5. Jam: Refers to the compressor jam, the fan jam, the bearing of the moving parts, etc.

　　6. ​​Damage: Refers to the damage of the compressor valve, the roughening of the piston, the fracture of the fan blade, and the damage of various parts.

　　Common failure judgment method

　　 The basic methods of judging common failures of household air conditioners are: watching, listening, touching, testing and analyzing.

　　1. Look: carefully observe the working conditions of each component of the air conditioner, focusing on the three parts of the refrigeration system, electrical system, and wind system to determine whether they are working properly.

1. Refrigeration system: Observe whether there are cracks, damages, frosting and condensation in the pipes of the refrigeration system; whether there is friction between the refrigeration pipes, the pipes and the shell, especially the welding of the refrigerant pipes If there is any leakage at the joint connection, there will be oil stains (a certain amount of refrigerating oil in the refrigeration system). You can also use a clean soft cloth or soft paper to wipe the pipe welding and joint connections to observe whether there is any oil stains To determine whether there is a leak.

　　2. Electrical system: Observe whether the fuse of the electrical system is blown, whether the insulation of the electrical wire is intact, whether the circuit board is broken, whether the connection is loose, etc. In particular, whether the electrical connection is in good contact, and the wiring screws and connectors are easily loosened to cause poor contact.

　　3. Ventilation system: observe whether the air filter, heat exchanger coils and fins have accumulated too much dust; whether the air inlet and outlet are unblocked; whether the fan and fan blades are operating normally; whether the wind power is normal, etc.

　　 Two. Listen: turn on the power and listen carefully to see if the air conditioner compressor is running normally, if there is any abnormal noise, if the fan is running, and if the noise is too loud, etc. During the operation of the air conditioner, under normal circumstances, the vibration is slight and the noise is small, generally below 50DB. If the vibration and noise are too loud, the possible reasons are:

　　1. Improper installation: If the size of the bracket does not match the unit, the fixing is not tight, or the vibration damping rubber, foam pads are not added, etc., the vibration and noise of the air conditioner may increase during operation. Especially when it is just started and stopped.

　　 2. Abnormal vibration of the compressor: poor installation of the base, unlevel feet, poor installation of anti-vibration rubber or anti-vibration spring, or poor anti-vibration effect, etc. If there is a malfunction in the compressor, such as broken valve, liquid hammer, etc., abnormal sounds will also be emitted.

　　3. Fan impact: Poor installation or deformation of fan blades will cause impact noise. The fan may collide with the wall shell and the chassis, the axis of the fan moves, and the blades are out of balance and will make a crashing sound; if there are foreign objects in the fan, the blades will also make a crashing sound when they touch it.

　　3. Touching: Touching the relevant parts of the air conditioner by hand to feel the heat, cold, vibration, etc., will help judge the nature and location of the fault. Under normal circumstances, the temperature of the condenser gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the temperature of the lower part is slightly higher than the ambient temperature. If the entire condenser is not hot or the upper part is slightly warm, or although it is hot but there is a significant difference in temperature between the upper and lower adjacent pipes, it is abnormal. Under normal circumstances, the evaporator will feel cold and sticky if you put a finger dipped in water on the surface of the evaporator. The capillary tube at the dryer and outlet should have a warm feeling under normal conditions (slightly higher than the ambient temperature, basically the same as the temperature of the pipe at the end of the condenser), if it feels lower than the ambient temperature or there is dew condensation on the surface and there is a temperature difference in each section of the capillary Etc. are abnormal. The temperature of the suction pipe 200mm away from the compressor should be similar to the ambient temperature under normal conditions.

　　 Fourth, measurement: In order to accurately determine the nature and location of the fault, it is often necessary to use instruments and meters to check and measure the performance parameters and status of the air conditioner. For example, use a leak detector to check for refrigerant leakage; use a multimeter to measure whether the power supply voltage, the ground current of each terminal and the operating current meet the requirements, and the air conditioner controlled by the computer should also measure whether the potential of each control point is normal.

　　 V. Analysis: Most of the results obtained through the above-mentioned inspection methods can only reflect a certain partial state. The various parts of the air conditioner are related to each other and affect each other. One failure phenomenon may have multiple causes, and one cause may also cause multiple failures. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of local factors, so as to fully and accurately determine the nature and location of the fault.