How often is the physical examination of special equipment Here are 21 questions to help you solve your doubts

How often is the physical examination of special equipment Here are 21 questions to help you solve your doubts

What is special equipment?

　　Special equipment is a general term for equipment and facilities that are life-safe and dangerous.

　　 two basic characteristics

　　 One is life safety.

　　Second, it is more dangerous.

　　 Internationally called it

　　 "potentially hazardous equipment"

　　 "hazardous equipment"

　　"Specific hazardous equipment"

　　Include the principle of national supervision

　　 One is to cause group harm

　　 The second is to cause harm to others

　　 The third is to have a greater social impact

　　 In the chemical industry, there are 3 types of special equipment included in my country's safety supervision:

　　 is pressure-bearing equipment, namely boilers, pressure vessels, and pressure pipes.

　　Special equipment inspection cycle

　　 volumetric heat exchanger

　　External inspection: inspection once a year.

　　Internal inspection: inspection every 2 years.

　　 Super-hydraulic test: Check once every 6 years.

　　 pressure vessel

　　 Automobile tank cars, railway tank cars, tank containers.

　　Annual inspection: at least once a year.

Comprehensive inspection: For safety status grades 1 and 2, automobile tank cars are inspected at least once every 5 years, railway tank cars are inspected at least once every 4 years, and tank containers are inspected at least once every 5 years; for safety conditions at level 3, Automobile tank cars are inspected at least once every 3 years, railway tank cars are inspected at least once every 2 years, and tank containers are inspected at least once every 2.5 years.

　　 Withstand voltage test: Check once every 6 years.

　　 cylinder

　　Cylinders containing corrosive gases are inspected every 2 years.

　　Cylinders containing general gases are inspected every 3 years.

　　Cylinders containing inert gas are inspected every 5 years.

　　Liquefied petroleum gas cylinders are inspected according to national standards. YSP-15, YSP-10, YSP-5.0, YSP-2.0, YSP-0.5 steel cylinders in use, the first to third inspection cycle from the date of manufacture Both are 4 years, and the fourth inspection cycle is 3 years; YSP-50 steel cylinders are inspected every 3 years.

　　Liquefied petroleum gas cylinders for vehicles are inspected every 5 years.

　　 reaction vessel

　　 long-distance pipeline

　　Annual inspection: The inspection shall be conducted at least once a year, and the annual inspection may not be carried out in the year of the comprehensive inspection.

　　Comprehensive inspection: The first comprehensive inspection of newly-built pipelines is generally carried out within 3 years after commissioning.

　　 public pipe

　　Annual inspection: The inspection shall be conducted at least once a year, and the annual inspection may not be carried out in the year of the comprehensive inspection.

Comprehensive inspection: The comprehensive inspection period of GB1-Ⅲ sub-high pressure gas pipeline generally does not exceed 8 years. The comprehensive inspection period of GB1-Ⅳ sub-high pressure gas pipeline, medium pressure gas pipeline, and GB2 pipeline generally does not exceed 12 years. The overall inspection period for pipes made of cast iron is not more than 15 years.

　　Industrial pipeline

　　Comprehensive inspection: if the safety status is level 1 and 2, the inspection period generally does not exceed 6 years; if the safety status is level 3, the inspection period generally does not exceed 3 years; if the safety status is level 4, it shall be deemed invalid.

　　 The overall inspection period of GC1 and GC2 pressure pipelines generally does not exceed 6 years; the inspection period determined based on the results of risk inspection (RBI) generally does not exceed 9 years; the overall inspection period of GC3 pipelines generally does not exceed 9 years.

　　 safety valve

　　Safety valve for fixed pressure vessel

　　Safety valves are generally checked at least once a year. For spring-loaded safety valves, the calibration period can be extended to 3 or 5 years after meeting the corresponding conditions.

　　Industrial pipeline safety valve

　　 Check at least once a year, and the special circumstances shall be implemented in accordance with the corresponding technical specifications.

　　 For spring-loaded safety valves, the calibration period z* can be extended to 3 years after meeting the corresponding conditions.

　　 Safety valve for boiler

　　 The safety valve for boiler is checked at least once a year, and the check of the safety valve is generally carried out under the running state of the boiler.

　　 pressure gauge

　　 Check at least once a year.

　　 rupture disc

　　 Check at least once a year.

　　Special equipment puzzle 21 questions

　　 1. Do operators hold special equipment operator certificates before they can work?

　　 Answer: Yes.

　　2, the special equipment operator certificate will be reviewed every few years?

　　 Answer: Four years.

　　3. When should the use of special equipment be registered with the local quality supervision department?

　　 Answer: The special equipment shall be put into use before or within 30 days after use.

　　4. Before the expiration of the safety inspection qualification period for special equipment, how long should the special equipment inspection agency submit periodic inspection requirements?

　　 Answer: One month.

　　 5. What procedures should be carried out when special equipment is not used or scrapped?

　　Answer: You should apply to the local quality supervision department for suspension or cancellation.

　　 6. How can special equipment that has been out of service be put back into use?

　　Answer: Declare to the local quality supervision department and pass the inspection before putting it into use.

　　 7. What should the red line indicate on the dial of the pressure gauge?

　　Answer: Indicate the maximum allowable working pressure.

　　 8. How to ensure that the water level gauge is unblocked and prevent the formation of false water levels?

　　Answer: The water level gauge should be flushed once every shift, and the leakage of the water level gauge soda cock should be eliminated.

　　 9. It is found that the running boiler is short of water, can I add water urgently?

　　Answer: If you can't add water, you should stop the furnace urgently.

　　 10. How to stop the furnace in an emergency?

　　Answer: Stop the fuel supply, stop the air supply, drain or dig out the fuel in the furnace, so that the boiler gradually cools down.

　　11. How to exhaust gas after emergency shutdown?

　　Answer: Close the main steam valve to isolate the boiler from the main air pipe; gradually exhaust from the safety valve or emergency exhaust valve to reduce the air pressure.

　　 12. How to prevent the safety valve core from rusting?

　　Answer: Manual or automatic exhaust experiments should be done regularly.

　　 13. How many kinds of periodic inspections of pressure vessels are divided into?

　　Answer: Including comprehensive inspection and withstand voltage test.

　　14. How to operate when the operation needs to be stopped in an emergency?

　　Answer: First, cut off the power quickly and stop conveying materials; then quickly open the outlet valve to release gas or materials, and open the vent valve if necessary.

　　 15. What should be checked before starting operation?

　　Answer: Check whether the air pump, gas storage tank, pipeline, valve, and safety accessories are in good condition.

　　 16. Can the z* high working pressure of the pressure vessel be higher than the design pressure during use?

　　 Answer: No.

　　 17. What should I pay attention to when the container starts to pressurize?

　　 Answer: The speed should not be too fast to prevent the pressure from rising suddenly.

　　 18. Can the compression bolt be disassembled under pressure?

　　Answer: No, you must stop the pump and exhaust the pressure before proceeding.

　　 19. When there is no pressure, where is the pointer of the pressure gauge?

　　 Answer: It should be at the limit pin or return to the zero value.

　　 20. Why conduct safety inspections?

　　Answer: Boilers, pressure vessels, and pressure pipes are special equipment that is widely used in production and daily life and have the risk of explosion.

　　 21. What supervision systems are there?

　　Answer: The design, manufacture, installation, maintenance, and transformation of special equipment must be implemented in accordance with the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations", and a permit must be obtained in accordance with the law before engaging in relevant business.

　　 Before or within 30 days after the special equipment is put into use, the user shall register with the safety supervision and management department. The registration mark should be placed in a prominent position of the equipment.

　　 Special equipment users shall, in accordance with the periodic inspection requirements of the safety technical specifications, submit periodic inspection requirements to the special equipment inspection and testing agency one month before the expiration of the safety inspection qualification.

　　Special equipment must be inspected regularly. Use of special equipment that has not been inspected regularly or fails to pass the inspection will be fined less than 20,000 yuan. Those who use pressure vessels that have not been inspected regularly or are unqualified to contain dangerous chemicals shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.

　　 The safety accessories, safety protection devices, and measurement and control devices of special equipment must be inspected regularly in accordance with relevant requirements.

　　 Special equipment operators shall pass the examination of the special equipment safety supervision and management department and obtain the special operators certificate before they can engage in corresponding operations or management.