Influencing factors and measures of energy saving in air conditioning and refrigeration systems

Influencing factors and measures of energy saving in air conditioning and refrigeration systems

The use of electrical equipment has a huge demand for energy, and the refrigeration industry has become an important industry in my country's household appliances. According to statistics, my country's building energy consumption has accounted for 40% of my country's overall energy consumption, of which building air conditioning equipment accounts for about 30% of building energy consumption. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the maintenance and management of air conditioners and carry out technical transformations, so that the refrigeration system of air conditioners can better realize energy saving and consumption reduction.

　　 1. Factors affecting energy saving of air conditioning and refrigeration systems

　　 1. Refrigeration working fluid

Refrigeration working fluids mainly involve the impact of the refrigeration system on the environment. The early refrigeration working fluids mainly used CFCs. At present, the main working fluids used are HCFCs and HFCs. From the perspective of environmental protection, the effect of these working fluids is not good. At present, there are also a large number of refrigeration systems that use carbon dioxide, water, etc. as refrigeration working fluids. Refrigerants such as chlorofluorohydrogen have a very destructive effect on the atmosphere, especially the ozone layer, and we need to attach great importance to them and replace them by developing new refrigerants.

　　2, compressor

　　 Compressor is the most important part of the air conditioning refrigeration system. It is called the heart of the refrigeration system and is the key to our energy-saving technology upgrade. In general, compressors can be divided into two types: compound piston compressors and rotary compressors. They compress and deliver gas by changing the volume of the gas. In this process, it needs to consume a lot of power to complete, so it is an important means to improve energy saving measures.

　　3, evaporation temperature

The temperature at which the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator is lower than the air temperature, and the heat energy in the computer room is transferred to the refrigerant. The refrigerant evaporates into a gas state after absorbing the heat and is sucked away by the compressor, so that the pressure of the evaporator is not The increase due to excessive volatile gas affects the cooling effect of the air conditioner.

In order to reduce the influence on the evaporation temperature, the special commissioning plan for the air conditioner should be carefully prepared and formulated. The construction and management of the air conditioner should also discuss the hydraulic pressure test of the cooling water and the chilled water of the air conditioner. For the flushing of the pipeline and the slope of the condensate water Adjustments and adjustments of air volume and noise in each system should be debugged, and then reasonable measures should be taken to improve. In addition, the linkage and debugging of the air-conditioning system needs to be carried out in cooperation with other professions. For example, the debugging of the smoke prevention and exhaust system and the linkage debugging of the fire control system need to be carried out jointly by related units, so the effect is more obvious. Air-conditioning construction and management should actively cooperate with the work of relevant units, and should provide assistance when necessary to ensure the smooth completion of the linkage and debugging of the air-conditioning system, and do a good job of debugging, work records and data archiving to avoid future failures. Information for reference.

　　 2. Energy saving measures for air conditioning and refrigeration systems

　　 1. Reasonable maintenance of refrigeration system

The first two described are capital investment, which is the basis of our energy-saving work. On this basis, we need to set up the refrigeration system reasonably to achieve energy-saving effects. From a certain perspective, this requires air conditioning. The user actively cooperates. The first is the cleaning of the condenser. The air is exchanged through the condenser. However, the condenser is prone to dust and clogging the air holes due to long-term work. It requires more pressure to exchange the air, causing a large loss of energy. Therefore, we need to clean regularly to reduce the internal pressure required by the condenser. Generally, cleaning twice a year is necessary. The second is to rationally control the evaporation temperature of the refrigeration system. The previous analysis analyzed the adverse effects of excessively high evaporation temperature. At present, the measures we have adopted to reduce the evaporation temperature include increasing the refrigerant and ensuring the cleanliness of the entire refrigeration system.

　　2, use environmentally friendly refrigerant

　　 Reasonable selection of effective refrigerants does not have a direct and obvious effect on energy saving, but its main foothold is environmental protection. One of the purposes of energy saving is to reduce energy emissions and protect the environment. At present, domestic and foreign countries have raised the use of environmentally friendly refrigerants to a very high level, and countries around the world have reached a broad consensus on the use of refrigerants. The European Union passed the Fluorine Gas Law as early as 2006, which has strict regulations on the use of fluorine-containing refrigerants. For HFCs, these gases can only be carried out in an environment lacking other feasible conditions. At the 2007 Montreal Protocol Conference of the Parties, the parties agreed to restrict the prevailing refrigerant HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons) and phase out the use of the refrigerant. In addition, specific phase-out tables have been formulated for each country. Developing countries need to gradually reduce the number of HCFCs (from 2010), and reduce them by 35% in 2020, and basically eliminate them by 2030. Developed countries need to gradually reduce their use by 2020. The use of hydrochlorofluorocarbons has been basically stopped. At present, some alternative refrigerants have come out, such as hydrocarbons and synthetic refrigerants. From the current actual use, the most important ones are R600a, R717, R744, and HFCs synthetic And CO2, which is gradually emerging.