How to choose the correct cold storage condenser

How to choose the correct cold storage condenser

The condenser is one of the main heat exchange equipment in the cold storage refrigeration system, and its function is to cool and condense the high-temperature refrigerant superheated vapor discharged from the assembled cold storage compressor into a high-pressure liquid. The heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser is taken away by the cooling medium. According to the cooling medium, the assembled cold storage condenser is mainly divided into air-cooled and water-cooled. The cooling load is small and suitable for use in the refrigeration system of small movable cold storage.

　　 One, condenser structure

　　The shell is a cylindrical body rolled and welded with steel plates. Shell and tube condensers are divided into two types: vertical and horizontal. Vertical shell and tube condenser. The two ends of the cylinder body are welded with porous tube plates, and heat transfer tubes are corresponding to the holes for cooling the refrigerant. It is characterized by a huge structure and many consumables; the cooling water flow rate is low, it is easy to scale, and the cooling water consumption is large. It is suitable for areas with sufficient water sources and low water hardness. The structure of the horizontal shell and tube condenser is similar to that of the vertical type. When the refrigerant is ammonia, the heat transfer tube adopts seamless steel pipe, and when the refrigerant is freon, the heat transfer tube adopts low rib copper tube. The horizontal shell and tube condenser has a higher heat transfer coefficient and less cooling water consumption, but has a higher water quality requirement. It is widely used in large, medium and small cold storage ammonia and freon refrigeration systems.

　　 2. Types, advantages and disadvantages of cold storage condensers

　　According to the different cooling media and cooling methods, condensers are divided into three categories: water-cooled condensers, air-cooled condensers, and evaporative condensers.

　　 Water-cooled condenser: wide application, compact structure, easy to use. The performance is basically stable, but the attenuation is faster and the efficiency is not too high. It also needs to be equipped with a circulating water system. It is not suitable for water shortage areas and low temperature areas. The water system in winter is easy to cause freezing and has a high failure rate. It is suitable for occasions with large condensation load and high ambient temperature. In operation, it must cooperate with the cold source or heat calculation equipment.

　　 Air-cooled condenser: In the water-cooled condenser, according to its shape, there are sleeve type, shell and tube type and plate type. Set one or several copper pipes (smooth pipes or low-rib pipes) with a smaller diameter and then bend them into a circular or U-shaped spiral pattern according to the requirements of the unit arrangement. Refrigerant vapor enters the outer sleeve from the upper part, and the sleeve condenser for the refrigeration of the assembled cold storage: a steel pipe or copper pipe with a larger diameter. The condensate flows out from the lower part of the outer tube; while the cooling water enters the inner tube from the lower part, flows in the opposite direction to the refrigerant, absorbs the heat of the refrigerant vapor along the way, and finally flows out from the upper part. This type of condenser is often used for cooling loads less than 40kW movable cold storage, small cold storage Freon refrigeration system. In the air-cooled condenser, the heat released by the refrigerant in the mobile cold storage compressor is taken away by the cooling water. Reliable performance, slightly higher cost than water cooling, high operating pressure, simple operation, maintenance and installation. Suitable for areas lacking water resources.

　　 Evaporative condenser: It integrates condenser, water mercury, cooling tower, and circulating pool. Compact structure, small floor space, low investment, convenient use and maintenance, stable performance, obvious water and electricity saving, and low operating pressure. It is more energy-efficient than air-cooled and water-saving than water-cooled.

　　Comprehensively compare the total power consumption of evaporative condensers and water-cooled condensers and cooling towers (refrigeration compressor power consumption + fan power consumption + circulating water mercury power consumption), which can save electricity by 17%. Newly built cold storages generally use evaporative condensers. All condensers operate by taking away the heat of gas or steam.

　　 Three, the choice of cold storage condenser

　　 Cold storage condenser selection can be configured according to the actual situation of the cold storage project.

　　The air-type cold storage condenser is currently the most widely used cold storage condenser. It has many advantages such as simple structure, low price, few vulnerable parts, easy installation, and wide range of use. It is favored by customers. Air-type cold storage condensers are generally suitable for small and medium cold storage equipment, and there are also use cases in large cold storage projects in areas where water sources are exhausted.

　　 Evaporative cold storage condenser is a type of condenser that has been used more in large-scale cold storage projects in recent years. It is a product that combines air-type cold storage condensers and water-cooled condensers. This type of cold storage condenser is generally suitable for large-scale cold storage projects, especially in the northwestern region where the water source is relatively depleted.

　　 Water-cooled cold storage condensers are generally common in large-scale cold storage projects. The use of water-cooled cold storage condensers in large and medium-sized cold storage projects can effectively reduce the condensation pressure of cold storage equipment during operation. It greatly saves the energy consumption of the cold storage compressor and greatly extends the service life of the cold storage equipment. At present, the shell and tube cold storage condensers are mostly used in domestic cold storage projects, and the sleeve-type cold storage condensers are generally suitable for small cold storage projects with small cold conditions.

　　For consumers, no matter what type of condenser they choose, choosing the one that suits them is the last word!